What is firmware

Firmware is a type of low-level software that provides control, monitoring, and data manipulation of a device, computer, or system. It is stored in a non-volatile memory chip and interacts directly with the hardware to perform specific tasks, such as booting up the device, managing its input/output, and providing basic functionality. Unlike other types of software, firmware is not typically updated as frequently, but is instead replaced with a new version when a significant update is needed.

Examples of firmware include:

1. BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) - This is a type of firmware found on personal computers that manages the system's hardware and provides the boot process for the operating system.

2. Router firmware - This is the software that controls a network router and provides its basic functions, such as routing network traffic, managing network security, and configuring network settings.

3. Smartphone firmware - This is the software that runs on a smartphone and provides its basic functionality, such as making phone calls, sending text messages, and accessing the internet.

4. Television firmware - This is the software that runs on a smart TV and provides its basic functionality, such as accessing streaming services, playing media content, and adjusting display settings.

5. Printer firmware - This is the software that controls a printer and provides its basic functions, such as printing documents, managing ink or toner levels, and configuring network settings.